Original Title: Application of Medical Titanium Alloys in Medical Field Application of Medical Titanium Alloys in Medical Field The appearance of titanium metal has silver-gray luster. As a new type of alloy and a carrier material, biomedical titanium alloy has been widely used in limb implants, alternative functional materials, dentistry, medical devices and other related fields. Titanium and titanium alloys have the characteristics of good corrosion resistance, high specific strength, low elastic modulus, fatigue resistance and good biocompatibility. Compared with other metals, it has unique advantages due to its good biocompatibility, so it is widely favored in the medical field. However, due to its low wear resistance and process performance, efforts are being made to further improve it. With the rapid development of the national economy, the demand of biomedical titanium alloys is increasing in the medical field because of its excellent performance. As metal materials with excellent biological properties, titanium and its alloys have good application prospects in the field of medicine. However, compared with developed countries, there are still some gaps in the research and application of titanium alloy materials in China, such as high elastic modulus, poor surface activity, poor wear resistance and corrosion resistance of titanium alloys, which will directly affect the biocompatibility of materials. Therefore, in order to develop new titanium alloys with better comprehensive properties, China should strengthen the research and development of materials, pay attention to innovation, and develop biomedical titanium alloys with low elastic modulus, high wear resistance, corrosion resistance and excellent biocompatibility. Titanium has good affinity with human connective tissue and skeletal epithelial tissue, and its excellent mechanical properties also reflect its advantages in medical alloys. Titanium is widely used as denture (dental implant) because of its low density, light weight, good corrosion resistance and comfortable wearing. In addition, after surface treatment, the aesthetic performance of titanium denture is increased, which can meet the needs of the public for beauty and give people visual enjoyment. 01. Direction for medical devices Medical titanium alloy medical instruments are the third generation of surgical instruments after carbon steel and stainless steel. In order to improve the anti-rust performance of stainless steel instruments, they are often subjected to surface treatment such as chromium plating and electropolishing. However, chromium is toxic, and the falling chromium layer will have a certain impact on the human body. Expand the full text The advantages of medical titanium alloy as medical devices are as follows: 1, the instrument is light and handy, the damage to blood vessels, muscles and organs can be reduced during the operation, the fatigue of doctors can be reduced, and the medical titanium instrument is more suitable for fine microsurgery; 2, that corrosion resistance is good and non-toxic, the equipment doe not rust, the wound is not easy to infect, and the wound heals quickly; 3, the elasticity of the medical titanium alloy is moderate, and the medical titanium alloy is suitable for being used as instruments such as forceps, forceps, microscalpels and the like; 4. When operating under the shadowless lamp, the reflective performance of medical titanium is weaker, and it is more suitable than stainless steel; Medical titanium medical instruments mainly include: scalpel, surgical forceps, surgical forceps, thoracic expander, suture needle, suture line, etc. Compared with other materials (such as stainless steel wire), medical titanium wire used as surgical suture has the advantages of small tissue reaction and good torsion resistance. After suturing, ti6al4v , the surgical wound is not easily inflamed and the bone suture site is not easily displaced. Medical titanium wire (TA1 or TA2 wire) with a diameter of 0.5-0.8 mm is generally used as the suture. In addition, the soft elasticity produced by the titanium-nickel alloy wire can promote the rapid healing of the wound. In addition, medical titanium alloy is also an important material for auxiliary rehabilitation equipment, such as wheelchairs, crutches, splints, medical instruments and so on. 02. Widely used in artificial joint materials According to the relevant literature, there are about 100 million patients suffering from knee and arm joint inflammation in the world every year, so it is imperative to carry out replacement surgery, so titanium alloy with excellent replacement function brings good news. Compared with ceramics, stainless steel and other materials, the elastic modulus of titanium alloy is closer to human skeleton, and it has more advantages in modulus. Therefore, titanium alloy is widely used in the correction of ankle and elbow joints. In addition, porous titanium alloy material can make the prosthesis have bioactivity and contribute to the healing of the femoral head; the surface of titanium alloy has good biocompatibility and can induce the growth of bone cells, so it is highly praised by clinicians and orthopaedic experts. The main advantages of titanium and titanium alloy as implant prosthesis are: ① high strength, good chemical stability and biocompatibility; ② non-toxic, no harm to human body; ③ low elastic modulus, better matching with human skeleton; ④ elastic capacity and shape recovery function of memory alloy. To sum up, the application of titanium in skull repair is mainly reflected in the following aspects: the use of titanium mesh can repair the defective skull. Its application in human cardiovascular system includes the preparation of artificial heart valve, blood filter, cardiac pacemaker and artificial heart pump, etc. It should be noted that titanium is not suitable for all artificial joint parts. In the joint parts, the parts that often swing are not suitable because titanium is easy to wear (ceramics and cobalt alloys should be used), while titanium alloys should be used for implant parts. In order to enable the titanium alloy to be combined with the biological bone at an early time, the surface of the titanium alloy is subjected to unevenness, and a bone sensor such as Apatite and bioglass is coated. Titanium is of great help to the development of dentistry Metals used in dental surgery began with amalgam and metal crowns in the 1920s. Gold, silver and palladium alloys were mainly used in the 1960s. After the 1970s, stainless steel became the most commonly used material for permanent and removable orthodontic instruments. Titanium casting technology was popularized and applied in the 1990s. Dental titanium precision casting machine has the characteristics of high dimensional accuracy, no bubbles and shrinkage cavities. Among the metal materials used for human hard tissue repair, the elastic modulus of titanium is the closest to that of human tissue, which can reduce the mechanical inadaptability between metal implants and bone tissue. The thermal conductivity of titanium is the lowest among all the metal materials used for dental restoration. The low thermal conductivity can reduce the thermal stimulation to the pulp of teeth with crowns, which is very important for dental restoration. Titanium inlays and crowns have the function of protecting dental pulp and avoiding cold and hot stimulation. Dental titanium is mostly pure titanium, but it has the characteristics of insufficient strength, difficult grinding, poor wear resistance, easy to produce casting defects and unstable quality. Titanium alloy has high strength, the most commonly used is Ti-6Al-4V alloy, but because metal V is harmful to human body, Nb is used instead of V, and Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy is successfully developed. It has excellent corrosion resistance, and is basically harmless to human body. It also has other advantages such as strong plasticity and excellent abrasiveness, and has been approved by ASTM standard. At present, superelastic Ti-Ni alloy is widely used in tooth straightening. Since the eighties of the 20th century, developed countries have begun to study the application of titanium in oral restoration, first used in dental implants, and then used in denture brackets, crowns and bridges and orthodontic wires. At present, titanium can be used as crowns, crowns, fixed bridges, porcelain bridges, bonded bridges, denture clasps, bases, connecting devices and reinforcing devices. Almost all metal parts of dentures can be made of titanium. The research of titanium and titanium alloys has become a hot spot in the research of dental alloys. Titanium alloy porcelain teeth can restore the shape and function of teeth very well, and have high strength, beautiful appearance, stable color, smooth surface,titanium tubing price, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. It is a permanent restoration, suitable for all fixed teeth, especially for people who are sensitive to nickel ions because of its good biocompatibility. It has been widely used in dental restoration. Return to Sohu to see more Responsible Editor:. yunchtitanium.com

Original title: Successful trial production of 5,000-ton high-performance multi-specification titanium welded pipe project in Haining, Zhejiang Titanium is widely used in various industries because of its excellent corrosion resistance and high specific strength. Titanium tube is an important member of the titanium family and has a wide range of applications. As a unique form of pipe products, titanium welded pipe is made of cold-rolled titanium strip and coil, and then welded with argon tungsten protection. Titanium welded pipe is widely used, but its processing and manufacturing are different from steel pipe, especially its forming is not easy, welding and manufacturing are difficult,Titanium 6Al4V wire, which also hinders enterprises from entering this field. Zhejiang is a coastal area of China with developed industry. Both chemical industry and people's livelihood products have a great demand for high-performance titanium welded pipes. Zhejiang Shengjie Titanium Technology Co., Ltd. came into being under this background. Shengjie Titanium Industry is located in Haining City, Zhejiang Province, the leather capital of China,titanium sheet grade 5, beside Hangzhou Bay Avenue and adjacent to Qiantang River. The company is a new enterprise registered and established in 2019. At the beginning of its establishment, the company aimed at the vast market of titanium welded pipes. The company gathered a large number of domestic aspiring high-tech talents and devoted itself to the arduous process of entrepreneurship. After more than a year of scientific demonstration and preparation, the new material industry has been strongly supported by the Haining Municipal Government. The company acquired 60 mu of land in the industrial park of Jianshan New District, Haining City, and started construction in the same year. In order to achieve rapid production, the company leased nearly 4000 square meters of factory buildings in the park at the same time of project construction and purchased seven welded pipelines to start the production of welded pipes. Among them, Titanium welding pipe ,nickel titanium wire, three new high-end production lines can be used for the production of titanium welded pipes, four lines are used for the production of stainless steel welded pipes, and each production line is equipped with supporting facilities such as pure bright solid solution, eddy current flaw detection and weld leveling to meet the production of high-end products. At present, it has a monthly production capacity of 50 tons of titanium welded pipes and 500 tons of stainless steel welded pipes. As a private enterprise specializing in the design, manufacture, installation and on-site service of non-ferrous metal special materials such as pipelines, pipeline prefabrication, chemical equipment and non-standard pressure vessels. Shengjie Titanium puts quality in the first place. In the past year, the company has obtained the manufacturing license of pressure pipeline components, the installation license of pressure pipeline, the certificate of safety production standardization and the certificate of ISO9001 certification, which lays a firm foundation for opening up a broader new material market in the next step. In the future construction, Shengjie Titanium Industry plans to build 12000 square meters of welded pipe production workshop, 5000 square meters of provincial enterprise R & D exhibition center and 6000 square meters of storage. The project has been fully constructed. After the completion of the new plant, the company also plans to purchase a JCO forming big bore welded pipe production line (which can produce welded pipes with the big bore of 2120mm and the length of 12m) and 10 domestic advanced online pipe-making units, all of which will be produced by titanium welded pipes. The on-line pipe manufacturing and JCO forming and welding workshop will be designed as a dust-free workshop, equipped with auxiliary equipment such as pickling, sandblasting, polishing, industrial real-time imaging, off-line eddy current,titanium exhaust tubing, ultrasonic flaw detection and so on to meet the production requirements of high-end products. At that time, the first-class dazzling new star in the field of domestic welded pipe will rise in Zhejiang. Baoji Titanium Industry Research Institute actively participated in the construction of Shengjie Titanium Industry and provided technical and market support for the project. The two sides have signed a comprehensive strategic cooperation agreement to organically integrate Baoji's technology with the equipment and market in the south, and make positive efforts for the promotion and application of titanium welded pipes in a wider field. Return to Sohu to see more Responsible Editor:. yunchtitanium.com

Original Title: GH1015 (GH15, GR5) Superalloy Plate | Pipe | Strip GH1015 I. Introduction of GH1015: GH1015 is a FE-NI-CR based solution strengthened wrought superalloy, which is used at temperatures below 950 degrees. The alloy is solution strengthened by adding elements such as chromium,ti6al4v eli, tungsten and molybdenum. The alloy has high plasticity, medium endurance and creep strength,titanium round bar, good cold and hot fatigue resistance, good processing and welding performance and structural stability. The main products are cold rolled sheet, titanium bar gr5 ,titanium tubing price, wire and forgings. II. Application and characteristics of GH1015: GH1015 alloy has been used to manufacture plate structural steel and other high-temperature components such as aero-engine combustion chamber and afterburner cylinder. The alloy has a certain age hardening phenomenon when working for a long time at the temperature of 700 deg C to 900 deg C, so that the room temperature plasticity is reduced; and the alloy has a tendency to be oxidized along the grain boundary when working for a long time at the temperature of more than 700 deg C, so that an enamel coating can be used for effective protection. The high temperature oxidation resistance above 1000 degrees is slightly worse than that of nickel-based alloys for similar purposes. III. Similar grades of GH1015: High temperature new name: GH1015 High temperature old name: GH15 New name for corrosion resistance Old name for corrosion resistance GB grade: GR5 The alloy can be used as a substitute for GH2039, GH3030, GH3044 and GH3536 alloys. IV. Chemical composition of GH1015: Carbon C: ≤ 0.08 Silicon Si: ≤ 0.60 Manganese Mn: ≤ 1.50 Phosphorus P: ≤ 0.020 Sulfur S: ≤ 0.015 Chromium Cr: 19-22 Ni: 34-39 Molybdenum Mo: 2.5-3.2 Nitrogen N: ~ Expand the full text Copper Cu: ≤ 0.25 Fe: balance Niobium Nb: 1.1-1.6 Boron B ≤ 0.010 Titanium Ti: ~ Aluminum Al: ~ Vanadium: ~ Tungsten W: 4.8-5.8 Cerium Ce: ≤ 0.050 V. Material specification of GH1015: Hot-rolled bar: 10-100mm, forged bar: 100mm-350mm, cold-rolled sheet: 0.05mm-4.0mm, hot-rolled plate: 4mm-14mm, with 2mm-10mm, forged rings of various sizes and specifications, and individual brands in stock are not fixed in size. Return to Sohu to see more Responsible Editor: (function() { function getBrandHtml() { var brands = [],nickel titanium wire, html = ''; for(var i = 0; i < brands.length; i++) { var brand = brands[i]; if(brands.length i+1) { html+= ''+brand.name+''; } else { html+= ''+brand.name+'、'; } } return html; }; if(document.getElementById('linkBtn')){ document.getElementById('linkBtn').onclick = function() { $('#brands').removeClass('brand');$ ( '# tipInfo').text ( 'Real name responded'); $ ('#linkBtn').remove();$ ('.real-response .content').css('line-height', '20px');$ ('.real-response .time').css('line-height', '20px'); }; document.getElementById('brands').innerHTML = getBrandHtml(); }; })();。 yunchtitanium.com

Original title: Introduction to several common applications of titanium alloy materials such as titanium rod and titanium anode Introduction of several common applications of titanium alloy materials such as titanium rod and titanium anode Titanium and titanium anodes have good welding, cold and hot pressure processing and mechanical processing performance, can be processed into a variety of profiles, plates and pipe supply. Titanium is an ideal structural material. The density of titanium is only 4.5 G/m3, which is 43% lighter than steel, but the strength of titanium is twice that of iron and almost five times that of pure aluminium. Has low density and high strength performance. This combination of high strength and low density gives titanium a very important place in technology. At the same time, the corrosion resistance of titanium is close to or better than that of stainless steel, so it has been widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, pesticides, dyes, paper making, light industry, aviation, space development, marine engineering and so on. Titanium alloys have high specific strength (the ratio of strength to density). Titanium alloys have played an irreplaceable role in aviation, military industry, shipbuilding, chemical industry, metallurgy, machinery, medical and other fields. For example, after heat treatment, the strength limit of the alloy composed of titanium, aluminum, chromium, vanadium, molybdenum, manganese and other elements can reach 1176.8-1471 MPa, and the specific strength can reach 27-33. The specific strength of the alloy steel with the same strength is only 15.5-19. Titanium alloys are widely used in shipbuilding, chemical machinery and medical equipment because of their high strength and corrosion resistance. Among them, corrosion-resistant titanium alloy is mainly used in reactors, towers, autoclaves, heat exchangers, pumps, valves, centrifuges, pipelines, pipe fittings, electrolyzers and so on in various strong corrosive environments. However,ti6al4v, the application of titanium and its alloys is limited due to their high price. Expand the full text (1) Titanium by iodine method, grade TAD It is high-purity titanium obtained by iodination method, so it is called iodination titanium, or chemically pure titanium. However, it still contains interstitial impurities such as oxygen, nitrogen and carbon, which have a great influence on the mechanical properties of pure titanium. As the purity of titanium increases, the strength and hardness of titanium decrease significantly; therefore, it is characterized by good chemical stability, but very low strength. Because of its low strength, high purity titanium is of little interest as a structural material and is rarely used in industry. At present, industrial pure titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in industry. (2) Commercially pure titanium Unlike chemically pure titanium, industrially pure titanium contains more oxygen, nitrogen,nickel titanium wire, carbon and many other impurity elements (such as iron, silicon, etc.). It is essentially a titanium alloy with low alloy content. Compared with chemically pure titanium, its strength is greatly improved because it contains more impurity elements, and its mechanical and chemical properties are similar to those of stainless steel (but its strength is still lower than that of titanium alloy). The characteristics of industrial pure titanium are: low strength, good plasticity, easy processing, stamping, welding, good machinability; good corrosion resistance in the atmosphere, sea water, wet chlorine and oxidizing, neutral, weak reducing medium, oxidation resistance is superior to most austenitic stainless steel; but poor heat resistance, the use temperature should not be too high. Commercially pure titanium is divided into three grades of TA 1, TA 2 and TA 3 according to its impurity content. The interstitial impurity elements of the three kinds of commercial pure titanium increase gradually, so the mechanical strength and hardness also increase gradually, but the plasticity and toughness decrease correspondingly. Commercially pure titanium TA2 is commonly used in industry because of its moderate corrosion resistance and comprehensive mechanical properties. TA3 can be selected when the requirements for wear resistance and strength are high. TA1 can be selected when good formability is required. Industrial pure titanium is mainly used for stamping parts and corrosion-resistant structural parts with working temperature below 350 ℃, low stress and good plasticity, such as aircraft framework, skin, engine accessories, seawater corrosion-resistant pipelines, valves, pumps, hydrofoils and seawater desalination system parts for ships; Chemical heat exchangers, pumps, titanium bar gr7 ,titanium filler rod, distillation towers, coolers, agitators, tees, impellers, fasteners, ion pumps, compressor valves and diesel engine pistons, connecting rods, leaf springs, etc. (3) Alpha titanium alloy, TA4, TA5, TA6, TA7. This kind of alloy is in α-type single-phase state at room temperature and service temperature, and can not be strengthened by heat treatment (annealing is the only form of heat treatment), mainly relying on solid solution strengthening. The strength at room temperature is generally lower than that of β and α + β titanium alloys (but higher than that of commercial pure titanium), while the strength and creep strength at high temperature (500-600 ℃) are the highest among the three types of titanium alloys; and the microstructure is stable, the oxidation resistance and weldability are good, the corrosion resistance and machinability are also good, but the plasticity is low (the thermoplasticity is still good), and the stamping performance at room temperature is poor. Among them, TA7 is the most widely used, which has high strength and sufficient plasticity in the annealed state, good weldability, and can be used below 500 ℃; when the content of interstitial impurity elements (oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, etc.) Is extremely low, it also has good toughness and comprehensive mechanical properties at ultralow temperature, and is one of the excellent ultralow temperature alloys. The tensile strength of TA4 is slightly higher than that of commercial pure titanium, and it can be used as a structural material in the medium strength range. It is mainly used as welding wire in China. TA5 and TA6 are used for parts and weldments working in corrosive medium below 400 ℃, such as aircraft skin, skeleton parts, compressor shell, blades, ship parts, etc. TA7 is used for structural parts and various molded parts working below 500 ℃ for a long time, and can be used up to 900 ℃ for a short time. It can also be used for ultra-low temperature (-253 ℃) parts (such as containers for ultra-low temperature). (4) Beta titanium alloy, grade TB2. The main alloying elements of this kind of alloy are β phase stabilizing elements such as molybdenum, chromium and vanadium, which can easily retain the high temperature β phase to room temperature during normalizing and quenching to obtain a more stable β phase structure, so it is called β type titanium alloy. β-type titanium alloy can be strengthened by heat treatment, and has high strength, good welding performance and pressure processing performance; but the performance is not stable enough, and the melting process is complex, so its application is not as wide as α-type and α + β-type titanium alloy. It can be used for parts working below 350 ℃, and is mainly used for manufacturing various sheet stamping parts and welding parts with integral heat treatment (solid solution and aging), such as compressor blades, wheel disks, shafts and other heavy load rotating parts, as well as aircraft components. TB2 alloy is generally delivered under solution treatment and used after solution treatment and aging. (5) TC6, TC9 and TC10 commonly used for α + β titanium rods and titanium alloys This kind of alloy has α + β two-phase structure at room temperature, so it is named α + β titanium alloy. It has good comprehensive mechanical properties, most of which can be strengthened by heat treatment (but TC1, TC2 and TC7 can not be strengthened by heat treatment), good forging, stamping and welding properties, machinability, high room temperature strength and high heat resistance below 150-500 deg C. Some of them (such as TC1, TC2, TC3, TC4) also have good low temperature toughness and good resistance to seawater stress corrosion and hot salt stress corrosion, but the disadvantage is that the structure is not stable enough. Among these alloys, TC4 is the most widely used, accounting for about half of the production of existing titanium alloys. The alloy not only has good mechanical properties at room temperature, high temperature and low temperature, but also has excellent corrosion resistance in a variety of media, and can be welded, cold and hot formed, and can be strengthened by heat treatment; therefore, the alloy is widely used in aerospace, ships, chemical industry and other industrial departments. TC1 and TC2 can be used for stamping parts, welding parts, die forgings and various parts processed by bending below 400 ℃. These two alloys can also be used as low temperature structural materials. TC3 and TC4 can be used as parts for long-term operation below 400 ℃, structural modules, various containers, pumps, low-temperature components, ship pressure shells, tank tracks, etc. The strength is higher than that of TC1 and TC2. TC6 can be used below 400 ℃ and is mainly used as a structural material for aircraft engines. TC9 can be used to manufacture parts working below 560 ℃ for a long time, mainly used in compressor disks and blades of aircraft jet engines. TC10 can be used to manufacture parts working below 450 ℃ for a long time, such as aircraft structural parts, landing gear, honeycomb connection components,titanium plate gr7, missile engine shells, weapon structural parts, etc. Return to Sohu to see more Responsible Editor:. yunchtitanium.com

Original title: a quick method to calculate the sag of conductor! (Conscience Edition) Part1 Apprentice On a certain day in a certain month in a certain year, Anyway, when I was an apprentice, Go to the construction site with the old comrades of the unit. The owner asked us to estimate the conductor sag of a certain gear. The old Comrade took out his calculator. After pressing a few times, He said the answer confidently. I was shocked at that time! In my perception, Isn't calculating the sag of a conductor supposed to be like this? Expand the full text Such a complicated formula, Shouldn't we use software to calculate? How can you figure it out with a calculator? After the meeting,3d titanium wire, I consulted the old comrades. The old Comrade just said to me lightly: "Multiply the span squared by 7" Me: That's it? Old Comrade: This is it! I know that asking too many questions will expose my ignorance. So I didn't ask. In the dead of night, I opened the book secretly. I hope I can find the answer from the book. Part2 Sag Curve Template Finally, On page 216 of Overhead Transmission Line Design, I seem to have found the answer! Draw the key points! In the past,titanium tubing price, when there were no computers and no Dao Heng, The sagging curve of the plane section is drawn by hand. For ease of drawing, The designer defines the K value of the sag template, Use this value to make a sag template! Universal sag template And the value of K is: Combined with the maximum sag calculation formula: At the same time, the height difference of the hanging point is ignored (cosβ = 1). In other words: The calculation of the original sag is really: The square of the span multiplied by a value! Getting closer to the truth! Part3 Plan section Why is K equal to 7? Why not equal to 3, Titanium 6Al4V wire ,titanium exhaust tubing, equal to 10, equal to 20? This is a problem! Wait! This K seems to have been seen somewhere. Right! Plane section!!! Bottom line: Original The K value can be output in the plane section diagram output by Dao Heng, However, his K value is slightly different from that in the textbook. But (in fact, Dao Heng has an option to choose): Namely: Next, let's test whether our reasoning is correct: As shown in the figure above, the span is 336m and K = 7.8891 Thus: f (sag) = 336 × 336 × 7.8891 × 10-5 =8.9 ！！！ The result is consistent with that of the plane section drawing! In short, let's divide the sag calculation formula into two parts, one is the K value of the sag template, and the other is the square of the span. Sag is calculated by multiplying the value of K by the square of the span. The K value can be queried in the plane section view. Part4 Regularity If the K value is often inquired through the plane section, First, it is possible that the project has not yet produced a plane section in the early stage. Second, it is inconvenient to carry inquiries with you. In fact, the value of K has a general range and law. If it is only a rough estimate, It's perfectly adequate. According to the query summary of the editor, The following rules are obtained: 1) The K value is independent of the power level. 2) The value of K has little to do with the type of conductor. 3) The icing affects the K value, and the larger the icing is, the larger the K value is. 4) The safety factor affects the K value, and the greater the safety factor, the greater the K value. In particular,titanium round bar, the K value of the steel pipe pole line is very large. Sum up 1) General line K = 7 ~ 9 General line refers to: Conventional conductor, no icing, normal setting out (safety factor 2.5 ~ 3.0) 2) Iced line K ≈ 12 3) Steel pipe pole line K ≈ about 20 Source: Power Transmission Interesting Forum Return to Sohu to see more Responsible Editor:. yunchtitanium.com

Original title: 8418 Steel 8670M Round Steel 8670 Steel Bar Steel grade: 8670M 8670 8418 alloy tool steel die steel 8670M 8670 Chemical composition: 8670 Carbon steel plate Carbon steel bar 8418 Carbon steel strip Carbon steel wire CRS CS steel Tensile plate Tensile bar 8670 low alloy steel 8418 carburizing steel alloy structural steel 8418 alloy structural steel bearing steel 8418 high carbon steel 8670 Carbon steel 8418 Carbon steel Low carbon steel Carbon structural steel 8418 Carbon structural steel Alloy structural steel Boiler plate 8670 steel strip 8418 strip steel wire, iron wire, wire stock, steel coil 8418 round plate die steel 8670 alloy tool steel 8418 alloy steel die steel bearing steel 8418 cast steel cast iron 8670 Round Bar,ti6al4v eli, 8418 Steel Bar, Plain Round,3d titanium wire, 8418 Round Steel, Forged Round, Small Round Bar, 8418 Bar Material, titanium round bar ,titanium sheet grade 5, Material Steel Bar 8670 Steel 8418 Steel Vessel Plate 8418 Pressure Plate Wear Plate 8670 High Strength Steel 8418 Steel Rod Grinding Rod 8418 Polishing Rod Imported 8670 cutting 8418 zero cutting, comparing what material is similar to what material, how much is it? 8670 steel grade 8418 model, steel plate, 8418 iron plate, 8418 iron rod 8670 plate 8418 bar plate, 8418 light bar 8418 light plate 8418 bar 8670 Cast Steel 8418 Cast Iron, 8418 Cast Forging 8418 Forging, Square Steel 8418 Square Bar, Hexagon Bar Hexagon Steel Manufacturer 8670 cold plate cold rolled plate, 8418 hot plate hot rolled plate, 8418 corresponding to domestic instead of 8418 brand return to Sohu, see more Responsible Editor: (function() { function getBrandHtml() { var brands = [],titanium seamless tube, html = ''; for(var i = 0; i < brands.length; i++) { var brand = brands[i]; if(brands.length i+1) { html+= ''+brand.name+''; } else { html+= ''+brand.name+'、'; } } return html; }; if(document.getElementById('linkBtn')){ document.getElementById('linkBtn').onclick = function() { $('#brands').removeClass('brand');$ ( '# tipInfo').text ( 'Real name responded'); $ ('#linkBtn').remove();$ ('.real-response .content').css('line-height', '20px');$ ('.real-response .time').css('line-height', '20px'); }; document.getElementById('brands').innerHTML = getBrandHtml(); }; })(); yunchtitanium.com

Original Title: Industry Standard Titanium Strip for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Welded Pipe Industry Standard Titanium Strip for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Welded Pipe I. Task Source and Plan Requirements According to the spirit of relevant documents of the National Committee for Standardization of Nonferrous Metals, Baotai Group Company undertakes the task of drafting this standard. II. Compilation Principles At present, there is no titanium strip standard for titanium and titanium alloy welded pipes at home and abroad, most of the titanium welded pipes are signed according to ASTMB338 and GB/T3625 standards, and most of the domestic titanium strips for welded pipes are imported from abroad. At present, the domestic manufacturers of titanium strip for this purpose basically put forward some special requirements for mechanical properties and thickness tolerance on the basis of ASTM B265. Based on the current situation, in order to facilitate the development of products in the industry, the production, procurement and further forming of special titanium strip for welded pipes are coordinated. This specification is mainly based on ASTMB265 standard,titanium filler rod, and reasonable adjustments are made on this basis to ensure that all indicators of welded pipes meet the requirements of the standard. Each index of the pipe meets the standard requirements. The main technical contents include: 1． Product classification: including the brand and status of the material, the type and specification of the product. 2． Technical requirements: including chemical composition, allowable dimensional deviation,titanium bar grade 5, mechanical properties, process performance and surface quality. 3． Test method 4． Inspection rules 5． Marking, packaging, etc. 6. Certificate of quality III. Description of main technical contents and comparative analysis with domestic and foreign standards 1. Scope of application, brand and specification In view of the main varieties and specifications of titanium welded pipes at home and abroad, the standard covers 12 grades of Gr1/TA1, Gr2/TA2, Titanium welding pipe ,6al4v titanium bar, Gr3/TA3, Gr7/TA9, Gr11/TA9-1 and Gr12/TA10. Specification: 0.4 ~ 2.1 300 ~ 610 > 500000mm. 2. Regulations on chemical composition The chemical composition of Gr series grades is completely consistent with ASTMB265 and ASTMB338 standards. The specified TA series grades have the same composition as TA1 and Gr1, TA2 and Gr2, TA3 and Gr3, TA9 and Gr7, TA9-1 and Gr11, and TA10 and Gr12. 3. Stipulations on allowable deviation of dimension 3.1 Allowable deviation of thickness According to ASTMB265 standard, the allowable thickness deviation is divided into three grades within the bandwidth of 304.8 ~ 609.6mm, of which the thickness tolerance of 304.8 ~ 406.4mm is stricter. Table 1 is a comparison of the thickness tolerance specified in this specification, ASTMB265 and ASTMB338. Expand the full text Table 1 It can be seen from Table 1 that the thickness deviation specified in this specification is stricter than or equal to ASTMB265, and stricter than ASTMB338 and GB/T3625. After the titanium strip produced and purchased according to this standard is formed, the dimensional tolerance of the welded wall thickness of the finished product can meet the standard requirements. 3.2 Provisions on width and allowable deviation of width It can be seen from Table 2 that for the strip with the same thickness, the width and allowable deviation of the width in this specification are completely consistent with those in ASTMB265; compared with GB/T3622 titanium and titanium alloy strip and foil, the size value of the strip with the same thickness is larger, and the allowable deviation of the width is stricter than that in GB/T3622. See Table 2 for details. Table 2 3.3 Requirements for curvature and surface quality ASTMB265 does not specify the side curvature and surface quality. In this specification, the side curvature is required to be 4mm/2m, which is stricter than GB/T3622 (3 mm/m). The requirements for surface quality are the same as those in GB/T3622. 4 Performance 4.1 Mechanical properties In view of the fact that the strength (especially the yield strength) of the titanium and titanium alloy welded pipe is increased to a certain extent compared with the titanium strip in the forming process, in order to make the finished pipe meet the mechanical properties requirements of ASTM B338 and GB/T3625 for titanium and titanium alloy seamless and welded pipes for heat exchangers and condensers, according to our company's experience in titanium welded pipe production for many years, The corresponding indexes of this specification are proposed, and the performance comparison with ASTMB338 and ASTMB265 GB/T3625 is shown in Table 3. 4.2 Process performance The bending method and index specified for Gr series grades in this specification are completely consistent with ASTM B265. Except TA10,titanium plate gr7, the bending indexes of other TA series grades are looser than GB/T3622 standard. See Table 4 for details. Table 4 IV. List of references ASTM B265-99 Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate GB/T 3622 Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip and Foil ASTM B338 Titanium and Titanium Alloy Seamless and Welded Tubes for Heat Exchangers and Condensers GB/T 3625 Titanium and Titanium Alloy for Heat Exchangers and Condensers Contact us Back to Sohu to see more Responsible Editor:. yunchtitanium.com

Original Title: Tape Measure Terminator Skadden Mini Rangefinder Experience Recently, the house has been decorated. The family has done this before, so they basically rely on their own hands, which can also save a lot of money. The most common operation in decoration is all kinds of measurements, such as floor tiles, wallpaper, door width and so on. Statistics show that the follow-up planning can be completed. People used to decorate by tape measure, but now with the progress of science and technology, Have begun to use the laser rangefinder, in order to facilitate the decoration, got a SATA mini laser rangefinder, take this opportunity to share the use of experience. As shown in the picture, the size of Skadden Mini Laser Rangefinder is so small, with a green plastic shell, a screen with white backlight, and only one button on the front, which can control switches, modes, units and calibrations by pressing for a long time. Because of its small size, the maximum range of this rangefinder is only 40 m, but it is enough for home use. Expand the full text The rangefinder weighs 24 G and has a built-in 3.7 V 180 mAh battery, which can measure about 4000 times on a full charge, according to the official website. On the top of the fuselage, the round is the laser emitting sensor, and the square is the laser receiving sensor. The corresponding distance can be measured by the cooperation of the two sensors. The data indicated on the official website is 40 m, mini tape measure , and the error of the whole measurement is ± 2 mm. In addition, it supports self-calibration. The lanyard hole at the bottom of the fuselage (the original comes with a lanyard), as well as the standard MicroUSB charging port, the original does not have a data cable and charging head, using the common mobile phone data cable and charging head, it takes 2 hours to fully charge. The effect of laser is actually the same as the infrared laser pen that many people played with when they were young. It will produce a red dot. Be careful when using it. Don't face people or let children touch it. Inside the house, it can be used in the decoration process. The advantage of using this instrument is that one person can complete the measurement, without the need for someone to assist in pressing one end like the traditional tape measure, especially when the measurement length is relatively large. For example, at the corner of this wall, wallpaper will be pasted at that time, so the width of this place has to be measured. First, press it against the wall to keep it stable and prevent shaking. Click the button to start measuring. One second after the laser shoots out, the data can be displayed on the screen. As shown in the figure, the width of the corner of the wall is 0.376 m. In addition, this mode is not the machine itself. For example, when we measure the height from the ground to the ceiling, we need to switch the reference point. When we put it on the ground to measure, the laser does not shoot from the ground, but from the fuselage. So this distance needs to count the height of the machine itself, so switching mode can solve this problem. I measured this position again with a traditional tape measure, and the reading was the same as that of the laser rangefinder. Summary of use: Generally speaking, the emergence of rangefinders has indeed brought great convenience to home decoration measurement. Compared with traditional tape measures, laser rangefinders can immediately obtain data. If they encounter the measurement of the length and width of the house, or even the height, the tape measure will be quite troublesome. Not only do they need the assistance of others, but also a little tilt may affect the final result. Laser rangefinders would not have these obstacles. The function of Skadden's mini rangefinder is relatively simple. It is a pure distance measurement like a tape measure. It can't be compared with a more advanced device. Of course, the price is also the most affordable. This one has only one button, no threshold for use, and it is simple, crude and efficient. Return to Sohu to see more Responsible Editor:. tape-measure.com

Original Title: Personalization: Meet the Individual Needs of Customers What is the most remarkable feature of this era? Obviously, personalization is one of the most distinctive labels. In today's extremely rich products, consumers fully grasp the right to speak, I like is my favorite, this concept has become the mainstream of consumption concept, it can be said that the era of personalized consumption has quietly arrived. The commodities on the market are dazzling, and the corresponding consumer clothing, food, housing and transportation are also varied, various styles and styles emerge in endlessly, dazzling. Perhaps we think that the choice of the other party is somewhat "eye-catching", but in a specific person's ideological understanding,garment measuring tape, this "eye-catching" choice is the embodiment of personal style, and the difference can also show the personality incisively and vividly. Therefore, when we go to work one day, we suddenly find that our clothes are the same as those of a colleague in the unit,large print tape measure, then the embarrassment and injustice will fill our chest in an instant, and we can't wait to get off work and change clothes before coming to work. This is the most typical example of the era of personalized consumption, and it also implies that consumers strongly demand their own psychological demands. Therefore, the phenomenon of individualized consumption is not only an economic phenomenon, but also a deep-seated cultural phenomenon. Observing social life carefully, we can find that the complicated parallel culture has broken the popular culture that used to dominate the world, and the psychological needs and thinking consciousness of consumers are becoming more and more diversified. For example, in the automotive industry, manufacturers used to decide the design style of models according to their own ideas, personalized tape measure ,keychain tape measure, and then look for a celebrity endorsement, which will soon open up the market and become a popular phenomenon. But now this situation has changed a lot, simply relying on a star can "lead the way" situation no longer exists, consumers can support a certain model according to their personal preferences, the "favorite" in the eyes of others may be no longer common in the eyes of others. So you can love your Mercedes, and I love my BMW. How will we deal with the strong individual needs of consumers? Undoubtedly, it is the most important thing to meet the needs of consumers'personalized development and strengthen consumers' sense of participation in product design and R & D. Therefore, we can build a platform, or conduct a survey of social consumer demand, so that consumers can participate in it and meet their personalized and diversified demand awareness, so that we can take the lead in occupying the market. Just like the automobile industry mentioned just now, manufacturers can further fully develop the interests and hobbies of consumers in the future, listen to their suggestions and opinions, so as to listen to the personalized demands of consumers in a set of facilities such as car models, interior decoration, safety settings, and meet the needs of consumers. Then there will be great business opportunities. I have done training on consumers' personalized needs in an enterprise specializing in mobile power bank. At that time, the business bottleneck faced by this enterprise was that it did not respond enough to the changes in the market. The quality of the products produced by the enterprise was not a problem at all, but it was not novel and unique enough. At my suggestion, the company involved consumers through various channels, even through questionnaires, and then analyzed their internal needs of personality, and finally made great changes in style and appearance design, and finally achieved good market sales results. Personalized and diversified consumer demand also makes this era more colorful, and consumers have the right and obligation to influence the design, development, production and sales of products. Therefore, as an enterprise,custom tailor tape, we must pay attention to the change of this new situation, and always regard enhancing the sense of participation of consumers as the top priority of marketing work. If the direction is clear, the next step can be carried out in a solid way. Return to Sohu to see more Responsible Editor:. tape-measure.com

Original title: What brand of tape measure is good? If you use it, you can never go back. It is believed that many friends have this kind of experience in their daily life. When measuring the customized furniture at home, the tape measure is basically indispensable, and it is also necessary to measure the size accurately. Usually the range of measurement is in the room, so I have encountered a lot of people have encountered trouble, such as the ruler is too soft,bra measuring tape, a stretch on the fold. A measure is often not fixed in place, and after a few months of use, the tape measure is difficult to take back,bra tape measure, or it is so worn that even the number can not be seen clearly. So it can be seen how important a good tape measure is, and many friends around me are also worried about what brand of tape measure is good? It wasn't until I came across this Stanley tape measure that I realized what a really good tape measure is. Everyone has a tape measure, but do you know how it works? The tape measure is mainly composed of a tape, a disc spring (clockwork spring) and a tape measure shell. The so-called disc spring is like the clockwork in the old chain clock. When the graduated scale is pulled out, the disc spring is wound up to generate a rewinding force, tailor measure tape ,bespoken tape measure, and when the pulling force of the graduated scale is released, the graduated scale can be pulled back by the pulling force of the disc spring. This Stanley tape measure is available in 3m, 5m and 8m sizes, all of which are metric tapes in centimeters. In addition, the automatic zeroing system of the tape is added to further enhance the accuracy of the measurement. The tape hook has a zeroing setting for its own thickness to ensure that the measurement object, whether from the outside or from the inside, starts from zero. It is often said that details determine success or failure, and the details of Stanley's tape measure can not be said. The Stanley tape measure has a rubber shell, which is skid-proof, fall-resistant and durable. The nylon coating on the surface of the tape is not easy to bend and is thickened. As we all know, if the tape is too thin, it is easy to cut fingers in the use process. If it is thickened, it will be safer and more reliable. And this is also an easy hook tape measure, the unique big ruler hook can hook wherever you want at any time and anywhere, no longer afraid of the embarrassing scene that a person can not hook things. The double-sided scale on the white tape is clear and easy to read, but it can also read which side you want to read, unlike many tape measures on the market that only have a single-sided tape, which have to be turned over if you accidentally draw the wrong side,bespoken tape measure, which is really troublesome. The lanyard also makes it easy for us to carry and prevent the tape measure from falling and causing damage. The overall workmanship of this Stanley tape measure is definitely much better than those ten or twenty on the market. At the same time, as a simple shape, the function is better than the general tape measure. I think friends who are still struggling with what brand of tape measure is good can start with this Stanley tape measure. It is so good that they don't want to touch other tape measures. Good products are worth recommending. Return to Sohu to see more Responsible Editor:. tape-measure.com

Original title: 8001 Gold Net Blue One 1 Jiao Note is 8000 yuan. The vast number of collectors know that there are many editions of 8001, such as Golden Armor, Dioptric Corner, Overlord Cloud, Color-changing Fluorescent Filament and so on. These banknotes are all experimental banknotes made by the mint in order to upgrade the anti-counterfeiting technology. On November 20, 2012, in order to test whether a new type of ink has the phenomenon of ink penetration on the fifth edition of banknote printing paper, Xi'an Banknote Printing Factory of China conducted an experiment. During the experiment, the whole process was kept secret,retractable tape measure sewing, and 50000 sheets were printed in one batch, with the numbers of N1D2400001-N1D2440001. After all the preparations were completed, 20000 banknotes were put on the market in 2013,personalised tailor tape, and the number segments were N1D2400001 ~ N1D2410000 and N1d24200001 ~ N1d2430000, and the banknotes were quickly recovered to observe the changes in circulation. This experiment was declared a failure, because the new ink did not match the fifth edition of paper, the fifth edition of paper was thicker than the fourth edition, if the printing ink could not be eaten at one time, so many printing experiments were carried out. Through social recycling, it was found that this printing technology would appear ink penetration phenomenon after circulation, printed tape measure ,custom tape measure, and after many times of printing, the ink color became heavier and color difference, so the experiment was stopped. Expand the full text In 2015, China issued a new edition of the fifth set of RMB. Xi'an Banknote Printing Factory looked back for half a year to sum up its experience. The experimenter accidentally found that a line of the lowercase 1 below the banknote had a discoloration effect, which could be seen by the naked eye without any instrument. It was blue in the distance and brown in the near future. So the working group sealed the banknotes and reported to the higher authorities. It is this time to look back and sum up the experience, inadvertently found that the effect of ink dimming has pushed forward the technology of ink dimming in our country for 20 years. Ink dimming technology has been blocked by foreign countries and controlled by our country. This discovery has given our banknote printing experts a new way of thinking and a backward experiment on the situation at that time. After 155 days of hard work, we finally overcame difficulties and achieved significant results, and the relevant personnel were also commended. This technology was soon tested in the zodiac commemorative banknotes printed by our country for the Macao Special Administrative Region, so that our country was at the same starting line as developed countries in the technology of color-changing ink. After the delisting of the fourth edition of the coin in 2018, many mints are clearing their stocks and distributing them to commercial banks. 8001 Golden Net Blue One formally meets with the collectors. However, some collectors find that there is no original bundle of film in the market. Relevant people infer that the bundle needs to be cut off when the experimental coin of the banknote printing factory is out of the warehouse. If it is not cut off, it is illegal. Because these collections are not in circulation in the market, it is hard to find a banknote. Some people offer a sky-high price of 8000 yuan, and the price of a seal is around 100000 yuan. The 8001 gold net blue one is characterized in that the front shading is printed for many times, the golden grid is thick and deep, the common 8001 shading is printed for one time, the golden grid is thin and shallow, the 8001 gold net blue one is a blue shading, and the common 8001 is a green shading, because the back shading printed for many times has a strong penetrating force similar to a transparent coin in a coin, A line of the number 1 on the lower right is discolored, which is blue from a distance and brown from a close look. 8001 Golden Net Blue One is a clear experimental coin at a glance. You can look for it. Return to Sohu to see more Responsible Editor: (function() { function getBrandHtml() { var brands = [],seamstress measuring tape, html = ''; for(var i = 0; i < brands.length; i++) { var brand = brands[i]; if(brands.length i+1) { html+= ''+brand.name+''; } else { html+= ''+brand.name+'、'; } } return html; }; if(document.getElementById('linkBtn')){ document.getElementById('linkBtn').onclick = function() { $('#brands').removeClass('brand');$ ( '# tipInfo').text ( 'Real name responded'); $ ('#linkBtn').remove();$ ('.real-response .content').css('line-height', '20px');$ ('.real-response .time').css('line-height', '20px'); }; document.getElementById('brands').innerHTML = getBrandHtml(); }; })();。 tape-measure.com